Dockerfileとdocker-composeを使いこなす

Dockerfileとdocker-composeを使いこなす

docker-compose.ymlでDockerfileを指定して起動をコントロールする。

こうすることで修正はDockerfileのみでよくなり、

docker-compose.ymlへの記述が長くなるのを防げる。

Dockerfileとdocker-composeの分離の手順

1. test用ディレクトリの作成、移動

mkdir test_docker

cd ./test_docker

1. test用のファイルの用意

touch docker-compose.yml

touch Dockerfile1

touch Dockerfile2

docker-composeのサンプル

version: '3'



services:

  container1:

    build:

      context: .

      dockerfile: Dockerfile1

  container2:

    build:

      context: .

      dockerfile: Dockerfile2

「build: dockerfile」でDockerfileを指定して記述できます。

Dockerfileのサンプル

FROM python:3.9

FROM node:latest

コンテナの起動

$ docker-compose up --build

Creating network "test_docker_default" with the default driver

Building container1

[+] Building 1.0s (5/5) FINISHED

 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile1                      0.0s

 => => transferring dockerfile: 54B                                        0.0s

 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                          0.0s

 => => transferring context: 2B                                            0.0s

 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/python:3.9              0.9s

 => CACHED [1/1] FROM docker.io/library/python:3.9@sha256:d88a0a58aeaa7e7  0.0s

 => exporting to image                                                     0.0s

 => => exporting layers                                                    0.0s

 => => writing image sha256:4c6c7fcdd014bb8d4e5ea3ec1452658f118b6cbc39d5f  0.0s

 => => naming to docker.io/library/test_docker_container1                  0.0s



 Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them

 Building container2

[+] Building 0.9s (5/5) FINISHED

 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile2                      0.0s

 => => transferring dockerfile: 55B                                        0.0s

 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                          0.0s

 => => transferring context: 2B                                            0.0s

 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:latest             0.8s

 => CACHED [1/1] FROM docker.io/library/node:latest@sha256:52bda4c171f379  0.0s

 => exporting to image                                                     0.0s

 => => exporting layers                                                    0.0s

 => => writing image sha256:b464dde1aefa975c31d071d0ab733f54780cacbc8c6d7  0.0s

 => => naming to docker.io/library/test_docker_container2                  0.0s



 Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them

 Creating test_docker_container2_1 ... done

 Creating test_docker_container1_1 ... done

 Attaching to test_docker_container2_1, test_docker_container1_1

 test_docker_container2_1 exited with code 0

 test_docker_container1_1 exited with code 0

コンテナの終了

$ docker-compose down

Removing test_docker_container1_1 ... done

Removing test_docker_container2_1 ... done

Removing network test_docker_default

正しく動作している。